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1
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2
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- DRM:
- individual rights management
- exclusivity
- content value > price
- paid by consumer
- to content distributor
- Levies:
- collective rights management
- statutory license
- ‘tax’ on equipment/media
- paid by manufacturer
- to collecting society
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3
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- Equipment:
- analogue: photocopier, fax, audio recorder, VCR
- digital: scanner, MP3 rec, CDwriter, PC (?)
- Blank media:
- tape, minidisc, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R
- Levy systems different per country
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4
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- German Home taping cases (1955-1964):
- home taping is copyright infringement
- equipment manufacturers liable for contributory infringement
- request to identify purchasers of equipment denied, would encroach upon
private sphere
- levy as ‘compromise’ between copyright and right to privacy
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5
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- Promotes and protects DRM (6 + 7)
- Mandates levies for analogue and digital private copying (5.2.b)
- ‘fair compensation’
- taking account of ‘the application or non-application of technological
measures’
- avoid double payment by consumers
- gradual phasing out of levies
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6
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- Degree of actual use
- What baseline? How to measure?
- Availability of TMs
- Technology: does it work?
- Economics: costs? consumer acceptance?
- Legal: respect privacy?
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Notes
